Understanding Autism
Join a growing community of families, autistic adults, and researchers working to understand autism and improve lives.

In 1970, a doctor blamed Arletta Rinier for her son's autism. Five decades later, she learned the real reason for his autism from the SPARK study.
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How did autism become autism? Understanding its history may help untangle questions about what autism is and why many people are now diagnosed with it.
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Twins Kira and Aliya share many things: a bright smile, a love of art, and a strong resemblance to each other. The 10-year-olds also share the same condition: severe autism.
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Rebecca C. Shaffer, Psy.D., HSPP
January 29, 2026
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Sandy Magaña, Ph.D., M.S.W.
December 19, 2025
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